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OBJECTIVE To study the imp rovement effects of total flavonoids of Psidium guajava leaves on myocardial hypertrophy in hypertensive model rats. METHODS Ten rats were randomly selected from 60 healthy SD rats as the normal group ； other 50 rats established hypertensive model ，and 44 rats with successful modeling were randomly divided into model group ， anisomycin group [p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （p38 MAPK）activator，1 mg/kg]，total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves+ anisomycin group （200 mg/kg total flavonoids+ 1 mg/kg anisomycin ）and total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves group （200 mg/kg） by random volume mass ranking method ，with 11 rats in each group. Rats in normal group and model group were given 3％ hydroxymethylcellulose sodium solution ，and other groups were given relevant solution intragastrically ，once a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. Blood pressure （systolic blood pressure ，diastolic blood pressure ，mean arterial pressure ），cardiac index and left ventricular index were measured. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）and IL- 6 in myocardial tissue were detected. The pathomorphological changes of myocardial tissue were observed. The expression of p 38 MAPK， phosphorylated p 38 MAPK （p-p38 MAPK），extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2），phosphorylated ERK 1/2 （p-ERK1/2），c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）and phosphorylated JNK （p-JNK）in myocardial tissue were detected. RESULTS Compared with normal group ，the systolic blood pressure ，diastolic blood pressure ，mean arterial pressure ，cardiac index ，left ventricular index as well as the levels of TNF-α，IL-1β and IL-6 and protein expression of p-p 38 MAPK，p-ERK1/2 and p-JNK in myocardial tissue were increased significantly in anisomycin group and model group （P＜0.05）；it was also found that hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes ，disorder of myocardial fibers ，looseness，edema and proliferation of connective tissue between myocardial fibers，increased infiltration of inflammatory cells ，etc. Compared with anisomycin group and model group ，the le vels of above indexes in total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves+ anisomycin group and total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves group were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）； cardiomyocytes were 163.com slightly larger and arranged reasonably ；the degree of myocardial hypertrophy，looseness，edema and proliferation of connective tissue were relieved ，and the improvement effect of total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves group was more significant （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The total flavonoids of P. guajava leaves can reduce blood pressure and improve myocardial hypertrophy in hypertensive model rats. Its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of p38 MAPK signal pathway activity and the expression of inflammatory factors.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of STK39 gene with response to hydrochlorothiazide among ethnic Han Chinese patients with essential hypertension.@*METHODS@#In total 118 patients with essential hypertension were recruited. All participants had received six weeks of treatment with hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were measurement every 2 weeks. Genotypes of STK39 rs3754777 and rs6749447 were determined using a SNaPshot technique.@*RESULTS@#A significant difference was found in ΔSBP between individuals with rs3754777 CC, CT and TT and those with rs3754777 CC and CT-TT (P0.05). Relative risk analysis showed that STK39 rs3754777 was significantly associated with BP response to hydrochlorothiazide (OR=0.416, 95%CI=0.189-0.918, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Polymorphisms of STK39 rs3754777 may be associated with BP response to hydrochlorothiazide among ethnic Han Chinese with essential hypertension.
Subject(s)
Humans , Asian People , Essential Hypertension , Genotype , Hydrochlorothiazide , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases , GeneticsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of biofeedback electrical stimulation in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence(SUI) and discuss the clinical significance.Methods Daily therapy for 40 min through biofeedback electrical stimulation along with pelvic muscle exercises was performed in 36 cases of female SUI for 20 days as a course of treatment.The curative effect was evaluated as regular intervals.Results In the 36 cases,26 caces were cured,5 caces were improved and 5 caees were invalid.The total effective rate was 86.1％.In the follow-up visit,there was 1 case of relapse(2.8％ ) but with moderate symptoms.Conclusion Biofeedback electrical stimulation combined with pelvic muscle exercises,as the therapy for mild and moderate female SUI,was a safe,reliable,feasible,convenient and effective clinical method with high curative ratio.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and en docrine parameters so as to assess the effects of the main endocrine factors on IUGR. The concentrations of growth hormone (GH), insulin, T3, T4 and TSH were measured in umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid and maternal serum. Methods The samples were collected from 23 pregnant women who were diagnosed as the full term IUGR, 42 normal full term pregnant women with normal infants' weight were taken as control. Growth hormone and insulin were mea sured by radioimmunoassay. T3, T4 and TSH were investigated by micro-radioimmunoassay. Results The concentra tions of growth hormone, insulin and T4 in umbilical cord blood were lower in IUGR than that in control group(GH 4. 63μg/L vs 7.01μg/L, insulin 10. 68μIU/ml vs 31.44μIU/ml, T4 87. 39nmol/L vs 138. 10nmol/L. P ＜0. 05, 0. 05 and 0. 05, respectively). The TSH concentration in umbilical cord blood was higher in IUGR than in control group (10. 84μmIU/L vs 5. 75μmIU/L, P ＜0. 01). The concentration of growth hormone in maternal serum and the concen tration of insulin in amniotic fluid were also lower in IUGR group than in control group(GH 1.77μg/L vs 2.74μg/L, P ＜0. 01, insulin 5. 84μIU/mi vs 15. 64μIU/ml, P ＜0. 01). Conclusion This study confirms that full term neonates with IUGR are abnormal in endocrine factors. The inadequacy of growth hormone may be one of the causes of IUGR. The relative scarcity of growth hormone and insulin seems to be a factor to compromise the fetus' metabolism. Be sides, the early hypothyrosis of infants with IUGR might protect them from unfavorable environment in the uterine.